Addition E · The king's second letter · Greek after 8:12 · unit 2
Reflection: those honored too much grow arrogant and turn on their benefactors.
Rahlfs 8:12b (lettering not yet checked against Rahlfs) · Swete, Esther 8.1a–24a · .txt · .json
πολλοὶ τῇ πλείστῃ τῶν εὐεργετούντων χρηστότητι πυκνότερον τιμώμενοι μεῖζον ἐφρόνησαν, καὶ οὐ μόνον τοὺς ὑποτεταγμένους ἡμῖν ζητοῦσι κακοποιεῖν, τόν τε κόρον οὐ δυνάμενοι φέρειν καὶ τοῖς ἑαυτῶν εὐεργέταις ἐπιχειροῦσι μηχανᾶσθαι·
Many, honored too often by the great kindness of their benefactors, have grown more arrogant, and not only seek to do harm to those subject to us, but, unable to bear their own satiety, they even attempt to plot against their own benefactors;draft English
What the rabbinic bench shows
1 verbatim · 7 motif · 4 flagged · 8 candidates examined and rejected.
- Medieval retranslation: the Additions re-entered Hebrew from Latin (Sefer Yosippon, c. 953; ben Makhir), so this is not ancient reception
- Oral: shared narrative tradition, thematic rather than literary contact
- Aramaic: carried by a targum; how the targum came by it is open
- Lost intermediary: an earlier written aggadic source, no longer extant, stands between
Verbatim
'אנשים רבים התנהגו הנהגה רעה מהחסד וכבוד המלכים... יתנכלו לאדון' renders Addition E's reflection that the over-honored grow arrogant and plot against their benefactors, absent from MT.
Show the witness text (517 words)
Motif — candidate parallels
Unverified at pair level: in a seeded sample of forty motif pairs, 58% failed the study's own test. Read each as a candidate.
'Haman rose higher than Ahasuerus, saying what never entered the king's mind' is the specific favorite-outgrows-benefactor arrogance Addition E describes.
Show the witness text (13 words)
'He did not know how to bear his honor, nor even how to receive the kingship' matches Addition E's reflection that those honored too much by their benefactors grow arrogant.
Show the witness text (263 words)
Haman as a village barber for 22 years, suddenly elevated, matches the plus's reflection that men honored too much by their benefactors grow arrogant.
Show the witness text (64 words)
'Pride goes before destruction,' applied to Haman at the height of his honor, matches the plus's reflection that men honored too much grow arrogant.
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'If he becomes haughty he is brought to poverty and bound in fetters' is the specific arrogance-to-ruin principle Addition E states about those honored too often.
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Haman's own words -- his vast wealth 'worth nothing to me' -- directly match the plus's reflection that men 'unable to bear their own satiety' turn on their benefactors.
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R. Levi's parable of the recruit deliberately raised so his execution will be exemplary matches the plus's reflection on those honored too often by their benefactors; not MT material.
Text not reproduced: licence not stated — research only, never published verbatim. Consult Yalkut Shimoni on Esther (Remez 1046-1061) at the reference above.
Flagged for further study (4)
The letter's governing theorem -- beneficiaries repay benefactors with harm, worked through Pharaoh who fed Israel and was repaid with the despoiling -- is Addition E's own opening theorem, applied in the same genre (a royal letter about the Jews) to the opposite party.
Show the witness text (602 words)
The parable of the pig fed generously and then slaughtered explicitly explains Haman's promotion as the cause of his fall ('בתחלה גדל ולבסוף ויתלו את המן'), matching the plus's reflection on those honored too generously growing arrogant; not MT material.
Text not reproduced: licence not stated — research only, never published verbatim. Consult Yalkut Shimoni on Esther (Remez 1046-1061) at the reference above.
Haman's own boast 'ha-melekh megadel oti ve-ha-malkah meromemet oti ve-ein gadol mimeni' is a specific narrative instance of Addition E's opening reflection that those over-honored by their benefactors' kindness grow arrogant, immediately before his fall.
Show the witness text (298 words)
The mashal of the pig fattened without measure only for the slaughter, applied directly to Haman, illustrates the same non-generic theorem as Addition E's opening clause: those honored too often, 'unable to bear their own satiety,' turn on their benefactors.
Show the witness text (194 words)
Hebrew retroversions
Machine-assisted reconstructions of a Hebrew the Greek might render, made under Tov's principles and used only as search queries. They are hypotheses, not evidence.
רבים אשר הרבו לכבדם בטוב לב מטיביהם הגדילו לבם ולא די להם לבקש רעה על הנתונים תחתינו כי לא יכלו שאת את שבעם ויזמו מזמות גם על מטיביהם
רבים מן המכבדים תמיד בחסד רב מעשי הטובה אליהם רם לבבם ולא לבד את עבדינו יבקשו להרע כי גם בשבעם לא יכלו לכלכל ויחשבו תחבלות על עשי הטוב להם